In studying the contribution to Western culture of the Greek City States, Sparta does not receive accolades for their cultural achievements in art, architecture, philosophy or political enlightenment. Sparta, however, has left an enduring legacy of dedication to duty, discipline, and sacrifice for the greater good. Their example of nobility of arms for a worthy cause has left an indelible imprint of courage and bravery.

Leonidas was born c. 540 BC, the son of Anaxandridas II. He succeeded his half-brother Cleomenes as King of the Spartans in 489 BC, co-ruling with King Leotychidas.

Leonidas led the allied Greek forces at the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC, finally perishing with his 300 Spartans and 700 Thespians on 19 September, after defending the pass for three days and causing immense casualties to the invading Persian army under Xerxes.